![]() ![]() Percent weight in weight (w/w): Is the number of grams in 100 grams of solution and is expressed as %w/w. ![]() A liquid component in a liquid preparation would be calculated on a v/v basis. Percent Volume in Volume (v/v): Is the number of milliliters in 100 mL of solution and is expressed as %v/v. Powdered substances suspended in a liquid vehicle would be calculated as w/v. Percent Weight in Volume (w/v): Is the number of grams in 100 mL of solution and is expressed as %w/v. ![]() The following units express percent based on the nature of the ingredient: Percent strength represents the number of grams contained in 100 mL of product and is very useful in pharmacy calculations. Normal saline has a concentration of 0.90% w/v of NaCl in sterile water and therefore is an isotonic crystalloid. It is important to note that when two solutions have equal osmotic pressure and salt concentration, they are said to be isotonic. Thus, if a solution requires a dilution, the active drug in the solution will remain constant, but the volume will increase. The relationship between concentration and volume is inversely proportional. (See Figure 1 for a schematic of the inverse relationship between percent of concentration or ratio strength (decreases), and the total quantity of product (increases)). Total IV Volume/Time (hour or minute) = mL per hour or minute x Stock Volume = Amount of Solution to be given The following pharmacy calculations are used to determine the dose and dispense drugs in the correct concentrations :ĭesired Dose/Stock Strength = Number of Tablets If the specific gravity is known, the volume or weight of the desired quantity can be determined. Specific gravity = number of grams of a substance/number of milliliters of a substance. Specific gravity refers to the ratio of the weight of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of water at the same time. The following definitions can aid in preparing and administering pharmacological drugs.Ĭoncentration is the amount of active ingredient per total weight of a substance.Īlligation involves mixing solutions or solids of varying strengths to obtain another strength of the active ingredient in both. Health care professionals must dispense drugs in the accurate concentrations, calculate correct doses, and compound and prepare medications accurately to ensure that each particular drug is being administered correctly.ĭose refers to the amount of medication taken at a specific time, whereas the dosage of the drug refers to the administration of a frequency, amount, and the number of doses taken over a particular period of time. Learn how to calculate the pediatric drug dose: Step by step example on how to calculate the pediatric drug dosage.Utilizing pharmacy calculations to administer therapeutics to patients correctly is vital to patient treatment. Patch for Patch Sheet: Blank printable Patch for Patch Exchange Disposal Tool available for free download. Printable Calendar: A schedule for Prednisone dose tapering, medications with dosage that vary throughout the week or the month and medications taken in a specific repetitive sequence. Interval Calculator: Calculate the days interval between two dates Pregnancy Due Date Calculator: Estimated due date is calculated by adding 280 days to the 1st day of the last menstrual period. Temperature Converter: Convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit values. Weight Converter: Convert between Kilograms and Pounds values. ![]() IV Drip Rate Calculator: Calculates IV infusion rate using drop counting per minute.īlood Sugar Converter: Convert between mg/dL and mmol/L blood glucose values. Renal Function Calculator: Calculation using Cockcroft-Gault equation, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation and CKD-EPI Equation. Rx Abbreviations: List of commonly used prescription Latin abbreviations with English and French meaning.Īverage weight for age: Average weight for boys and girls from birth to 10 years old as per the WHO Reference 2007.īody Mass Index Calculator: Calculate BMI using body mass and height.īody Surface Area Calculator: BSA is used in many measurements in medicine, including the calculation of drug dosages and the amount of fluids to be administered IV. We constantly add new drugs to our Drug List page, so please visit it regularly for updates. ![]()
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